Surveillance & monitoring
The WHO’s Global Influenza Programme (GIP) provides global standards for influenza surveillance. In addition GIP collects and analyses virological and epidemiological influenza surveillance data from around the world. The regular sharing of quality influenza surveillance and monitoring data by countries allows WHO to:
Case definitions for influenza surveillance
As of January 2014
The WHO global influenza surveillance standards define the surveillance case definitions for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI).
Key messages when using the case definitions:
- Influenza infection causes a clinical syndrome not easily distinguished from other respiratory infections.
- The case definitions for ILI and SARI are not necessarily intended to capture all cases but to describe trends over time.
- Using one common case definition globally will allow national health authorities to interpret their data in an international context.
ILI case definition Acute respiratory infection with:
| SARI case definition Acute respiratory infection with:
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Selected manuals and protocols
Implementing the integrated sentinel surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses of epidemic...
Integrated surveillance in the context of the GISRS refers to expanding GISRS functions to include non-influenza respiratory viruses with epidemic or pandemic...
Best practices for the design, implementation, reporting and analysis of participatory surveillance for...
Epidemiological information on influenza comes from multiple sources. Participatory surveillance for influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) is one...
Protocol to investigate non-seasonal influenza and other emerging acute respiratory diseases
This protocol provides an approach for public health authorities and investigators at all levels to plan for and conduct investigations of nonseasonal...
This guidance is an update to an earlier document – Global surveillance during an influenza pandemic, published in April 2009 – and it focuses...
This manual is targeted at epidemiologists and data analysts with basic epidemiological training who are responsible for data analysis and interpretation...
This document proposes surveillance objectives and describes global standards for a minimal basic respiratory disease surveillance system for the monitoring...
Using a hospital admission survey to determine rates of influenza-associated severe...
Regional guidelines for influenza surveillance
Health topics